Ayahuasca has been used by native Indian and mestizo shamans for thousands of years. Made from the vine Banisteriopsis caapi and the DMT-laden leaf of Psychotria viridis, ayahuasca is regarded as the embodiment of intelligent plant beings who offer spiritual teachings and healing to those who respectfully engage with them. With contributions from Dennis J. McKenna, Charles S. Grob, and J. C. Calloway, among others.